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Objective: To develop a quantitative evaluation software for three-dimensional morphology of pathological scars based on photo modeling technology, and to verify its accuracy and feasibility in clinical application. Methods: The method of prospective observational study was adopted. From April 2019 to January 2022, 59 patients with pathological scars (totally 107 scars) who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, including 27 males and 32 females, aged 33 (26, 44) years. Based on photo modeling technology, a software for measuring three-dimensional morphological parameters of pathological scars was developed with functions of collecting patients' basic information, and scar photography, three-dimensional reconstruction, browsing the models, and generating reports. This software and the clinical routine methods (vernier calipers, color Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, and elastomeric impression water injection method measurement) were used to measure the longest length, maximum thickness, and volume of scars, respectively. For scars with successful modelling, the number, distribution of scars, number of patients, and the longest length, maximum thickness, and volume of scars measured by both the software and clinical routine methods were collected. For scars with failed modelling, the number, distribution, type of scars, and the number of patients were collected. The correlation and consistency of the software and clinical routine methods in measuring the longest length, maximum thickness, and volume of scars were analyzed by unital linear regression analysis and the Bland-Altman method, respectively, and the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were calculated. Results: A total of 102 scars from 54 patients were successfully modeled, which located in the chest (43 scars), in the shoulder and back (27 scars), in the limb (12 scars), in the face and neck (9 scars), in the auricle (6 scars), and in the abdomen (5 scars). The longest length, maximum thickness, and volume measured by the software and clinical routine methods were 3.61 (2.13, 5.19) and 3.53 (2.02, 5.11) cm, 0.45 (0.28, 0.70) and 0.43 (0.24, 0.72) cm, 1.17 (0.43, 3.57) and 0.96 (0.36, 3.26) mL. The 5 hypertrophic scars and auricular keloids from 5 patients were unsuccessfully modeled. The longest length, maximum thickness, and volume measured by the software and clinical routine methods showed obvious linear correlation (with r values of 0.985, 0.917, and 0.998, P<0.05). The ICCs of the longest length, maximum thickness, and volume of scars measured by the software and clinical routine methods were 0.993, 0.958, and 0.999 (with 95% confidence intervals of 0.989-0.995, 0.938-0.971, and 0.998-0.999, respectively). The longest length, maximum thickness, and volume of scars measured by the software and clinical routine methods had good consistency. The Bland-Altman method showed that 3.92% (4/102), 7.84% (8/102), and 8.82% (9/102) of the scars with the longest length, maximum thickness, and volume respectively were outside the 95% consistency limit. Within the 95% consistency limit, 2.04% (2/98) scars had the longest length error of more than 0.5 cm, 1.06% (1/94) scars had the maximum thickness error of more than 0.2 cm, and 2.15% (2/93) scars had the volume error of more than 0.5 mL. The MAE and MAPE of the longest length, maximum thickness, and volume of scars measured by the software and clinical routine methods were 0.21 cm, 0.10 cm, 0.24 mL, and 5.75%, 21.21%, 24.80%, respectively. Conclusions: The quantitative evaluation software for three-dimensional morphology of pathological scars based on photo modeling technology can realize the three-dimensional modeling and measurement of morphological parameters of most pathological scars. Its measurement results were in good consistency with those of clinical routine methods, and the errors were acceptable in clinic. This software can be used as an auxiliary method for clinical diagnosis and treatment of pathological scars.
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Female , Humans , Male , Adult , Asian People , Cicatrix, Hypertrophic/diagnostic imaging , Extremities , Keloid/diagnostic imaging , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the perioperative clinical effects and follow-up results of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) versus conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in thoracotomy. Methods The patients who received off-pump CABG in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2017 to October 2021 were collected. Among them, the patients receiving MICS CABG performed by the same surgeon were divided into a minimally invasive group, and the patients receiving median thoracotomy were into a conventional group. By propensity score matching, preoperative data were balanced. Perioperative and postoperative follow-up data of the two groups were compared. Results A total of 890 patients were collected. There were 211 males and 28 females, aged 60.54±9.40 years in the minimally invasive group, and 487 males and 164 females, aged 62.31±8.64 years in the conventional group. After propensity score matching, there were 239 patients in each group. Compared with the conventional group, patients in the minimally invasive group had longer operation time, shorter drainage duration, less drainage volume on the first postoperative day, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and lower rate of positive inotropenic drugs use, while there was no statistical difference in the mean number of bypass grafts, ICU stay, ventilator-assisted time, blood transfusion rate or perioperative complications (P>0.05). During the median follow-up of 2.25 years, there was no statistical difference in major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, including all-cause death, stroke or revascularization between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Reasonable clinical strategies can ensure perioperative and mid-term surgical outcomes of MICS CABG not inferior to conventional CABG. In addition, MICS CABG has the advantages in terms of postoperative hospital stay, postoperative drainage volume, and rate of positive inotropic drugs use.
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@#Objective To compare the mid- and long-term efficacy of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS) versus conventional coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods This study analyzed 679 patients with coronary heart disease treated in the Minimally Invasive Heart Center of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2015 to 2019, including 532 males and 147 females with an average age of 61.16 years. A total of 281 patients underwent MICS (a MICS group) and 398 patients underwent conventional CABG (a CABG group). The clinical data of the patients in the two groups were analyzed. Results The average operation time was longer (P<0.001), the total hospital stay was shorter (P<0.001), and the amount of drainage 24 h after the operation was less (P=0.029) in the MICS group. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of perioperative complications between the two groups. The median follow-up time was 2.68 years. The follow-up results showed that the total incidence of cumulative main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in the CABG group was higher at 2 years (6.2% vs. 3.8%) and 4 years (9.3% vs. 7.6%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in 2- or 4-year all-cause death between the two groups (3.5% vs. 2.8%, 5.6% vs. 2.8%, P>0.05). At the same time, there was no statistical difference in the incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke or revascularization between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with conventional CABG, MICS can achieve satisfactory mid- and long-term outcomes.
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Objective:To compare the perioperative outcomes and short-term graft patency between patients who underwent multivessel off-pump coronary artery bypass graft(OPCABG) via left intercoastal space or sternotomy.Methods:Between January 2017 and August 2019, 100 patients who underwent minimal invasive coronary artery bypass graft(MICS CABG) were compared with 235 patients who underwent OPCABG by single surgeon at our institute. Among them, 257 cases were male and 78 were female, aged 34 to 84 years, with mean age(61.35±8.79)years old. Due to important differences in patients’ characteristics, a propensity score-matched analysis based on 12 covariates was performed to match in a 1∶2 fashion. 82 patients(MICS group) were matched with 127 patients(OPCABG group). Surgical and postoperative outcomes were evaluated.Results:There was no statistical difference of perioperative mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke rate( P>0.05). In MICS group, use of internal thoracic artery was higher and conversion to cardiopulmonary bypass was lower( P<0.05), but reoperation, new onset atrial fibrillation , and the use of mechanical device were similar( P>0.05). In addition, operation duration was longer but transfusion rate, postoperative chest tube drainage within 24 hours and postoperative hospital stays were less in the MICS group( P<0.05). LIMA, vein and overall graft patency were similar in the two groups shown by postoperative one-year CTA( P>0.05). Conclusion:MICS CABG is safe and feasible for patients with multiple coronary lesions. It has similar in-hospital outcomes and short-term graft patency but less transfusion and faster recovery compared to conventional OPCABG via sternotomy.
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Objective:The perioperative and early follow-up data of the simultaneous hybrid CAS+ OPCABG and sequential CAS+ OPCABG were compared to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the simultaneous CAS+ OPCABG.Methods:A total of 26 patients with coronary heart disease complicated with carotid artery stenosis received CAS plus OPCABG hybrid surgery in our hospital from January 2020 to July 2021, among which 12 patients received simultaneous CAS+ OPCABG and 14 patients received staged sequential CAS+ OPCABG.The perioperative and postoperative follow-up data of 3 months were compared and analyzed.Results:There were no significant differences in the operation time, drainage on the first day after surgery, ventilator assisted time and ICU time between the two groups.The amount of intraoperative blood loss in the simultaneous group was more than that in the staged group, but no secondary thoracotomy occurred in both groups. The number of days in hospital after operation was significantly less in the simultaneous group. There was 1 case of perioperative cerebral infarction and 1 case of myocardial infarction in the staged group, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups. There was no new cerebral infarction in the two groups, carotid artery ultrasound stent was unobstructed, and there was no statistical difference in cardiac function grading and left ventricular ejection fraction 3 months after operation.Conclusion:Simultaneous CAS+ OPCABG surgery is safe and feasible, it is recommended as the first choice especially for patients with severe myocardial ischemiaor severe left main artery disease caused.How to reduce the risk of bleeding and alleviat carotid sinus reflex are major issues that need to be concerned.
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Objective:To explore the application of interactive communication mode combined with problem-based learning in clinical teaching of undergraduate nursing students so as to provide basis for nursing teaching reform.Methods:A total of 62 undergraduate nursing students in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were selected. Among them, 32 cases from September to November 2018 received traditional teaching (the control group), and 30 cases from September to November 2019 were given interactive communication mode combined with problem-based learning (the observation group). The assessment results, comprehensive ability, clinical communication ability, scientific research ability, and feedback results of teaching quality were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention, the total score of assessment in the observation group was (90.62 ± 4.75) points, higher than that in the control group (83.84 ± 5.01) points, there was significant difference ( t=5.46, P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of observation ability, operation ability and teamwork ability in the observation group were (3.51 ± 0.59), (3.75 ± 0.50), (4.30 ± 0.77) points, higher than those in the control group (3.18 ± 0.44), (3.22 ± 0.46), (3.53 ± 0.81) points, there were significant differences ( t=2.51,4.35, 3.83, all P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of clinical communication and keen listening, determining patients′ problems, participating together, sending effective information, establishing harmonious doctor-patient relationship, and verifying perception ability in the observation group were (83.61 ± 10.18), (81.66 ± 8.92), (84.01 ± 9.17), (83.25 ± 9.73), (80.90 ± 9.99), (84.15 ± 8.08) points, higher than those in the control group (73.91 ± 9.73), (74.95 ± 8.05), (76.02 ± 8.22), (73.16 ± 8.02), (74.61 ± 8.54), (76.08 ± 8.25) points, there were significant differences ( t values were 2.67-4.47, all P<0.05). After intervention, the scores of literature reading ability, data processing ability and paper writing ability in the observation group were (14.29 ± 1.54), (13.02 ± 1.29), (14.91 ± 1.50) points, higher than those in the control group (13.08 ± 1.43), (11.44 ± 1.24), (12.36 ± 1.28) points, there were significant differences ( t=3.21, 4.92, 7.22, all P<0.05). The feedback scores of students about improving nursing humanistic quality, professional self-identity, learning interest, communication ability, clinical thinking ability and innovation ability in the observation group were (4.26 ± 0.75), (4.43 ± 0.81), (4.25 ± 0.77), (4.18 ± 0.66), (4.44 ± 0.90), (4.38 ± 0.94) points, higher than those in the control group (3.51 ± 0.64), (3.79 ± 0.70), (3.48 ± 0.84), (3.40 ± 0.76), (3.83 ± 0.89), (3.60 ± 0.89) points, there were significant differences ( t values were 2.68-4.30, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The interactive communication mode combined with problem-based learning can effectively improve assessment results of undergraduate nursing students, and promote the improvement of their comprehensive quality, which is conducive to the improvement of clinical communication ability and scientific research ability in nursing students.
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BACKGROUND@#Drug-coated balloons (DCBs) have emerged as potential alternatives to drug-eluting stents in specific lesion subsets for de novo coronary lesions. Quantitative flow ratio (QFR) is a method based on the three-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography and contrast flow velocity during coronary angiography (CAG), obviating the need for an invasive fractional flow reserve procedural. This study aimed to assess the serial angiographic changes of de novo lesions post-DCB therapy and further explore the cut-off values of lesion and vessel QFR, which predict vessel restenosis (diameter stenosis [DS] ≥50%) at mid-term follow-up.@*METHODS@#The data of patients who underwent DCB therapy between January 2014 and December 2019 from the multicenter hospital were retrospectively collected for QFR analysis. From their QFR performances, which were analyzed by CAG images at follow-up, we divided them into two groups: group A, showing target vessel DS ≥50%, and group B, showing target vessel DS <50%. The median follow-up time was 287 days in group A and 227 days in group B. We compared the clinical characteristics, parameters during DCB therapy, and QFR performances, which were analyzed by CAG images between the two groups, in need to explore the cut-off value of lesion/vessel QFR which can predict vessel restenosis. Student's t test was used for the comparison of normally distributed continuous data, Mann-Whitney U test for the comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for the evaluation of QFR performance which can predict vessel restenosis (DS ≥50%) at mid-term follow-up using the area under the curve (AUC).@*RESULTS@#A total of 112 patients with 112 target vessels were enrolled in this study. Group A had 41 patients, while group B had 71. Vessel QFR and lesion QFR were lower in group A than in group B post-DCB therapy, and the cut-off values of lesion QFR and vessel QFR in the ROC analysis to predict target vessel DS ≥50% post-DCB therapy were 0.905 (AUC, 0.741 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.645, 0.837]; sensitivity, 0.817; specificity, 0.561; P < 0.001) and 0.890 (AUC, 0.796 [95% CI: 0.709, 0.882]; sensitivity, 0.746; specificity, 0.780; P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The cut-off values of lesion QFR and vessel QFR can assist in predicting the angiographic changes post-DCB therapy. When lesion/vessel QFR values are <0.905/0.890 post-DCB therapy, a higher risk of vessel restenosis is potentially predicted at follow-up.
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Humans , Constriction, Pathologic , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Artery Disease/therapy , Coronary Restenosis , Follow-Up Studies , Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICABG) through comparing the perioperative clinical effects of conventional surgery and MICABG. Methods A total of 543 patients in the single medical group of Beijing Anzhen Hospital who underwent beating coronary artery bypass grafting from January 2017 to September 2020 were collected, including 161 patients receiving MICABG (a minimally invasive group, 143 males and 18 females, aged 60.08±9.21 years), 382 patients receiving median thoracotomy (a conventional group, 284 males and 98 females, aged 61.68±8.81 years). The propensity score was used to match 143 patients in each of the two groups, and the perioperative data of the two groups were summarized and analyzed. Results There was no death, perioperative myocardial infarction or stroke in the minimally invasive group. Compared with the conventional group, the minimally invasive group had longer operation time (296.36±89.4 min vs. 217.80±50.63 min, P=0.000), less number of bypass grafts (2.86±1.03 vs. 3.17±0.78, P=0.005), shorter postoperative hospital stay (6.29±1.46 d vs. 6.78±2.61 d, P=0.031), less drainage on postoperative day 1 (339.57±180.63 mL vs. 441.92±262.63 mL, P=0.001) and lower usage rate of inotropic drugs (9.09% vs. 26.57%, P=0.001). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in postoperative ICU stay ventilator assistance time, blood transfusion rate, secondary thoracotomy rate, or use of mechanical equipment. Conclusion Reasonable clinical strategies can ensure the satisfactory overall safety of MICABG. In addition, it has the advantages of shorter postoperative hospital stay, less bleeding and smaller dosage of inotropic drugs.
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By systematically sorting out the ancient medical books and modern clinical literature of Yiguanjian， the historical evolution of this formula， including its source， composition， origin， processing， dosage， preparation and usage， functions and indications， evolution of prescription meaning， is textual so as to clarify the historical evolution and clinical application of Yiguanjian. On the basis of fully considering the actual demand of development of famous classical formula preparation and the usage habit of modern clinical practice， the feasible development suggestions were put forward. Yiguanjian is composed of six herbs， which is derived from Yifang Jiedu (《医方絜度》) . It is an ancient book of traditional Chinese medicine edited by QIAN Min-jie in Qing dynasty. The original medicinal plants and medicinal parts of the formula were basically the same as those recorded in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The raw products should be selected for decoction pieces and processed according to the methods recorded in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The reference dose of the medicine in this formula is set out in Yifang Jiedu. According to dosage of one Qian（钱）=3.73 g， the dosages of Glehniae Radix， Ophiopogonis Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix were 5.60 g， the dosages of Lycii Fructus and Rehmanniae Radix were 11.19 g， the dosage of Toosendan Fructus was 7.46 g. These decoction pieces were boiled and warm decoction was taken. According to ancient medical records， the formula always has the effect of nourishing Yin and relieving Qi of liver. It is used to treat syndrome of stagnation of liver-Qi and deficiency of liver-Yin and kidney-Yin， which can be seen with pain in chest， stomach and flank， acerbity and vomiting， dry throat and mouth， red tongue， weak pulse or deficiency of string and hernia. Here， the source， processing and others of Yiguanjian were clarified， providing a literature reference for the development and application of this famous classical formula.
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@#Objective To study the learning curve of minimal invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) and the influence on the perioperative clinical effects by analyzing operation time. Methods From March 2012 to November 2020, 212 patients underwent MICS CABG by the same surgeon. Among them, 59 patients (52 males and average age of 62.89±8.27 years) with single vessel bypass grafting were as a single-vessel group and 153 patients (138 males, average age of 59.80±9.22 years) with multi-vessel bypass grafting were as a multi-vessel group. Two sets of operation time-operation sequence scatter plots were made and learning curve was analyzed by cumulative summation (CUSUM) and regression method of operation time. The surgical data of each group before and after the inflection point of the learning curve were compared with the main clinical outcome events within 30 days after surgery. Results There was no death, perioperative myocardial infarction and stroke in 212 MICS CABG patients and no transfer to cardiopulmonary bypass or redo thoracotomy. The learning curve conformed to the cubic fitting formula. In the single- vessel group, CUSUM (x operation number)=–1.93+93.45×x–2.33×x2+0.01×x3, P=0.000, R2=0.986, the tipping point was 27 patients. In the multi-vessel group, CUSUM (x)=y=2.87+1.15×x–1.29× x2+3.463×x3, P=0.000, R2=0.993, and the tipping point was 59 patients. The two sets of case data were compared before and after the learning curve and there was no statistical difference in main clinical outcomes within 30 days (mortality, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, perioperative blood transfusion rate), ventilator tube, and intensive care unit retention. Conclusion The learning curve of MICS CABG conforms to the cubic formula, and the process transitions from single to multiple vessels bypass. To enter the mature stage of the learning phase, a certain number of patients need to be done. Reasonable surgical procedures and quality control measures can ensure the safety during the learning phase.
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Objective@#The presence of coagulative necrosis (CN) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) indicates a poor prognosis, while the absence of CN indicates a good prognosis. The purpose of this study was to build and validate a radiomics signature based on preoperative CT imaging data to estimate CN status in ccRCC. @*Materials and Methods@#Altogether, 105 patients with pathologically confirmed ccRCC were retrospectively enrolled in this study and then divided into training (n = 72) and validation (n = 33) sets. Thereafter, 385 radiomics features were extracted from the three-dimensional volumes of interest of each tumor, and 10 traditional features were assessed by two experienced radiologists using triple-phase CT-enhanced images. A multivariate logistic regression algorithm was used to build the radiomics score and traditional predictors in the training set, and their performance was assessed and then tested in the validation set. The radiomics signature to distinguish CN status was then developed by incorporating the radiomics score and the selected traditional predictors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive performance. @*Results@#The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the radiomics score, which consisted of 7 radiomics features, was 0.855 in the training set and 0.885 in the validation set. The AUC of the traditional predictor, which consisted of 2 traditional features, was 0.843 in the training set and 0.858 in the validation set. The radiomics signature showed the best performance with an AUC of 0.942 in the training set, which was then confirmed with an AUC of 0.969 in the validation set. @*Conclusion@#The CT-based radiomics signature that incorporated radiomics and traditional features has the potential to be used as a non-invasive tool for preoperative prediction of CN in ccRCC.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the molecular mechanism by which miR-218 targeting Bmi-1 inhibits the proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells.@*METHODS@#APL cell line HL-60 was transfected by miR-218 and RNA-negative control sequences, respectively. The expression of miR-218 in cells was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The effect of transfected miR-218 on the proliferation of APL cells was detected by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The regulation effect of miR-218 on Bmi-1 expression was determined by Western blot. The correlation of miR-218 expressions with Bmi-1 was analyzed by Spearman test. The targeted relationship between miR-218 and Bmi-1 was verified by luciferase assay.@*RESULTS@#MTT assay showed that the proliferation of HL-60 cells in vitro was inhibited by high expression miR-218 significantly. Flow cytometry showed that the G1 and G2 phase cells increased while the S phase cells decreased after transfected by miR-218. Western blot showed that the level of Bmi-1 protein in HL-60 cells decreased significantly after transfection of miR-218 (P＜0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the mRNA level of miR-218 negatively correlated with the protein content of Bmi-1 (r=-0.326, P＜0.01). Luciferase assay indicated that Bmi-1 could targeted on miR-218 directly.@*CONCLUSION@#miR-218 can inhibit the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of APL cells, which can be related with the down-regulated of Bmi-1.
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Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , HL-60 Cells , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute , Genetics , MicroRNAs , Genetics , Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective Based on the Health Shanghai Action 2019-2030, combined with the monitoring results of Shanghai residents′ health literacy, we analyzed the data, looked for the existing problems and the possible causes in the improvement of health literacy, and put forward corresponding suggestions and strategies. Methods Using the monitoring data and results of Shanghai residents′ health literacy from 2008 to 2018, we made aggregate analysis of residents′ health literacy and comparative analysis of different years, different ages and different regions in this regard. Results The health literacy level of Shanghai residents was 28.38% in 2018.The absolute value of growth is 21.41% and the average annual growth rate was 13.61% compared with 2008.The literacy levels of infectious disease prevention, healthy behavior, and basic medical treatment were relatively low.There had been a big gap between urban and rural residents in literacy levels of health information, health knowledge, and health skill. Conclusion The health literacy level of Shanghai residents has been improved significantly.In future, we should strengthen the health education of infectious disease prevention, healthy behavior, and basic medical treatment, using different health education methods for different age groups or different education level people.Moreover, we need to establish and strengthen the authoritative health information release platform, so the residents especially rural ones, can get the reliable health education information in time.
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Objective Based on the Health Shanghai Action 2019-2030, combined with the monitoring results of Shanghai residents′ health literacy, we analyzed the data, looked for the existing problems and the possible causes in the improvement of health literacy, and put forward corresponding suggestions and strategies. Methods Using the monitoring data and results of Shanghai residents′ health literacy from 2008 to 2018, we made aggregate analysis of residents′ health literacy and comparative analysis of different years, different ages and different regions in this regard. Results The health literacy level of Shanghai residents was 28.38% in 2018.The absolute value of growth is 21.41% and the average annual growth rate was 13.61% compared with 2008.The literacy levels of infectious disease prevention, healthy behavior, and basic medical treatment were relatively low.There had been a big gap between urban and rural residents in literacy levels of health information, health knowledge, and health skill. Conclusion The health literacy level of Shanghai residents has been improved significantly.In future, we should strengthen the health education of infectious disease prevention, healthy behavior, and basic medical treatment, using different health education methods for different age groups or different education level people.Moreover, we need to establish and strengthen the authoritative health information release platform, so the residents especially rural ones, can get the reliable health education information in time.
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Objective To learn the status and influencing factors of health literacy among Shanghai farmers, providing references for further health literacy intervention. Methods Subjects were selected whose occupation was filled in as farmer in health literacy monitoring of Shanghai residents in 2018. Results Among the 4 380 farmers selected, 1 878(42.88%) were males and 2 502(57.12%) were females.The overall level of health literacy among farmers was 13.42%, the proportion of their basic health concepts and knowledge, healthy lifestyle and behavior, and basic health skills being 22.28%, 15.53% and 14.45% respectively.In addition, they had health literacy in six aspects:attitude towards health, safety and first aid, health information, chronic diseases prevention and control, basic medical care and infectious diseases prevention and control; their proportions were 40.53%, 39.84%, 21.67%, 18.33%, 15.80% and 15.73%, respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that the region and education level were the influencing factors of the health literacy among farmers. Conclusion The health literacy of farmers in Shanghai is lower than that of the city residents, and their literacy of basic health skill, primary medical care and infectious disease prevention needs to be improved.
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Objective To analyze epidemic characteristics of COVID-19 epidemic in Qingpu District of Shanghai and provide evidence for prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods The COVID-19 cases diagnosed in the medical facilities in Qingpu District were included in the study.Descriptive epidemiology was employed to describe diagnosis, clinical symptoms and possible exposure. Results There were 53 suspected cases identified in Qingpu District, 47 of which were excluded and 6 were confirmed.Two confirmed cases were identified when seeking medical treatment and 4 by other means.Of the confirmed cases, 83.3% were male and 66.7% were imported.Their initial symptom was mainly cough.The 75.0% of the confirmed cases had underlying diseases.By PCR testing of SARS-CoV-2, 100.0% of the sputum specimens tested positive, 50.0% of the nasopharyngeal swabs were positive, whereas 100.0% of the throat swabs were negative. Conclusion COVID-19 is more common in men than in women.The positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 in sputum samples is highest, followed by nasopharyngeal swabs and throat swabs.It is crucial to implement the countermeasures at earlier stages, such as strengthening the road entrance monitoring, at-home or intensive health observation of foreign visitors for early identification of suspected COVID-19 cases.
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Objective To summarize the chest CT features of IgG4-related lung disease(IgG4-RLD).Methods The clinical data and chest CT findings of 10 patients with IgG4-RLD diagnosed by the pathological findings of lungs or bronchus were analyzed retrospectively,including masses,nodules,ground glass opacities,pulmonary interlobular septal thickening,bronchovascular bundle thickening,mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement and pleural involvement.Results There were two types of chest CT findings in 10 patients:(1 )Isolated mass/nodule type in 5 patients,presenting as a single lung mass (n＝3)and a single lung nodule (n＝2),and the lesions were in irregular shape, with shallow lobulated edges and burrs,with no mediastinal lymph nodes enlargement.(2)Interstitial thickening in 5 patients,presenting with thickening of pulmonary lobular septum(n＝5)and thickening of bronchovascular bundle(n＝4),multiple patchyground glass opacities(n＝3), consolidation(n＝3),mild mediastinum lymph nodes enlargement(n＝3),a little bilateral pleural effusion(n＝2)and nodular thickening of pleura(n＝2).Serum IgG4 level was increased in 4 cases.Conclusion Chest CT findings of IgG4-RLD can be classified into two types:solitary mass/nodule type and interstitial type.Combing the chest CT manifestation with clinical characteristics will improve the diagnostic accuracy of IgG4-RLD.
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Wu Lien Teh (1879-1960), a world-renowned health and epidemic prevention expert, was a pioneer in public health and medical education in China. With his scientific ideas and methods, he extinguished the plague epidemic in northeast China which shocked the world at the beginning of the 20th century. He proposed and enriched the theory of pneumonic plague, and his work marked a milestone in the world’s plague prevention and treatment. He established a scientific health and epidemic prevention system in China, promoted the reform of medical education, established modern medical institutes and hospitals, founded the Chinese Medical Association, helped reclaim the right of port quarantine, strengthened the anti-opium campaign, and promoted cultural exchanges between Chinese and western medicine. He was knowledgeable and far-sighted, and committed to the practice and research of infectious disease prevention and treatment, promoting the development of China’s public health, which has a far-reaching impact on China and the world.
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Web technologies, such as search engines and social media, have provided an opportunity for the management of user generated data in real time. Through the analysis of these web-based data, people can understand the health issues of concern, which can be used for the prediction of the epidemic of infectious diseases and the monitoring of chronic non-communicable diseases. The emergence of Infodemiology, also known as Information Epidemiology, aims to study the occurrence, distribution and influencing factors of health information from electronic medium, so as to raise awareness of disease and health problems among people, and provide the basis for the formulation of disease prevention and control strategies. This review summarizes the research progress in Infodemiology.
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Circular RNA (circRNA) is a ubiquitous class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in all kingdoms of life with diverse structures.CircRNA is an endogenous noncoding RNA molecule with covalently close cyclic structure which does not have 5'end cap and 3'poly (A) tail.It is found to be evolutionary conservative and stable with tissue specificity.CircRNAs have many biological functions.In addition to acting as miRNA sponges,many other functions are being revealed,including regulator of gene transcription,and splicing and protein translation.It is involved in ovarian epithelial neoplasms,pre-eclampsia and other development.CircRNAs could regulate the expression of numerous gynecological cancer-related microRNA (miRNAs).The circRNA-miRNA-messenger RNA(mRNA) axis is a known regulatory pattern of several cancer-associated pathways,with both agonist and antagonist effects on carcinogenesis.Numerous studies have shown that circRNAs may become potential targets and clinical diagnostic markers for reproductive and gynecological diseases.This review focuses on the biogenesis and properties of circRNAs,databases of circRNA,their functions and potential significance in gestational,tumor and gestational diseases.